VEDECOM is pleased to announce that Géraldine Van Der Beken has successfully defended her thesis entitled “The role of acceptability in the interaction between a conventional and an automated vehicle”.

The viva took place on Friday 14 February 2020, at the University of Rennes 2.

Supervisors were Alain SOMAT, Sami KRAIEM and Pascal PANSU.

ABSTRACT

The central theme of this thesis deals with the role of acceptability in the interaction between a conventional vehicle driven by a human and an automated vehicle. The initial study consists of a meta-analysis summarising the determinants of acceptability of a new technology. The results showed that acceptability was predicated on six factors: behavioural intent, expected performance, expected ease of use, attitude, social influence and sense of control. A second study was carried out to assess the effect of the decision of acceptability on the difference in behaviour exhibited by the driver of a conventional vehicle when interacting with an automated vehicle. The results showed that a low level of acceptability is associated with cautious behaviour towards the automated vehicle. A third study, using a driving simulator, showed that drivers of conventional vehicles with a high level of acceptability behave identically towards an automated vehicle and a conventional vehicle. In conclusion, this thesis discusses how important acceptability of a technological device is when interacting with it.

 VEDECOM is pleased to announce that Florent Chiaroni successfully defended his thesis entitled “Weakly supervised learning in the context of autonomous vehicle perception”.

The thesis defence took place on Monday, the 3^rd of February 2020, at Centrale Supelec. 

JURY

Yap-Peng TAN, Professor, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore – Rapporteur

Hichem SAHBI, Research Fellow CNRS (HDR), UPMC Sorbonne Université (LIP6) – Rapporteur

Jean-Luc DUGELAY, Professor, EURECOM – Examinateur

Samia BOUCHAFA, Professor, Université d’Evry Val-d’Essonne (IBISC) – Examiner

Camille COUPRIE, Researcher, FACEBOOK (FAIR) – Examiner

Frédéric DUFAUX, Research Director CNRS, CentraleSupelec (L2S) – Thesis Supervisor

Mohamed-Cherif RAHAL, Researcher, Institut VEDECOM – Thesis co-supervisor (référent VEDECOM)

Nicolas HUEBER, Researcher, Institut Saint-Louis Franco-Allemand ISL (ELSI) – Thesis co-supervisor

Féthi BEN OUEZDOU, Professor, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin en Yvelines (LISV) – Guest

ABSTRACT

 In the context of autonomous vehicle perception applications, the interest of the research community for deep learning approaches has continuously grown since the last decade. This can be explained by the fact that deep learning techniques provide nowadays while requiring only low-cost vision sensors. More specifically, deep learning techniques can provide, from a monocular camera sensor, rich semantic information concerning the complex visual patterns encountered in autonomous driving scenarios. However, such approaches require, as their name implies, to learn on data. In particular, state-of-the-art prediction performances on discriminative tasks often demand hand labeled data of the target application domain. Hand labeling has a significant cost, while, conversely, unlabeled data can be easily obtained in the autonomous driving context. It turns out that a category of learning strategies, referred to as weakly supervised learning, enables to exploit partially labeled data. Therefore, we aim in this thesis at reducing as much as possible the hand labeling requirement by proposing weakly supervised learning techniques.

We start by presenting a type of learning methods which are self-supervised. They consist in substituting hand-labels by upstream techniques able to automatically generate exploitable training labels. Self-supervised learning (SSL) techniques have proven their usefulness in the past for off road obstacles avoidance and path planning through changing environments, by learning at the application time. More recently, they have also been applied for depth map estimation, asphalt road segmentation, and moving obstacles instance segmentation and tracking. However, SSL techniques still leave the door open for detection, segmentation, and classification of static potentially moving obstacles. For instance, the latter can be motionless cars at a road intersection, or pedestrians waiting to cross the street. Consequently, we propose in this thesis three novel weakly supervised learning methods using generative adversarial networks, with the final goal to deal with such road users through an SSL framework.

The first two proposed contributions of this work aim at datasets, such that the labeling effort can be focused only on our class of interest, the positive class. Then, we propose an approach which can deal with training data containing a high fraction of wrong labels, referred to as noisy labels. Next, we propose to demonstrate the potential of such weakly supervised image classification strategies for the two following real application tasks: detection and segmentation of potentially moving obstacles. 

Finally, we draw a conclusion on this thesis research work, followed by future research perspectives in order to motivate further investigations towards the proposed directions.